In double-blind, placebo-controlled trials, daily application of GHK-Cu cream at 3% concentration for 12 weeks produced a 70% increase in skin collagen thickness as measured by ultrasound imaging, a 40% increase in skin elasticity, and visible reduction in fine lines and wrinkles
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Thus, cobalamin deficiency results in methylmalonic acid (MMA) accumulation
and well done btw it must be very difficult to achieve and maintain sobriety
Key mechanisms identified in published laboratory research include: Copper chaperone activity: This compound acts as a copper transport molecule in research models, delivering Cu(II) ions to copper-dependent enzymes, including lysyl oxidase (involved in collagen and elastin crosslinking) and superoxide dismutase (a key antioxidant enzyme)