Although the GAA altered MET availability in the dams (Motta et al., 2025), supplementation of GAA to heifers 63 days before breeding until d 63 of gestation, did not alter the methyl supply in fetal liver (Crouse et al., 2023)
Anyone at any age, can become B12 deficient
For example, GA has been shown to bind and stabilize G-quadruplex DNA structures in oncogene promoters (such as c-Myc), leading to transcriptional downregulation of those genes (155)
Antiobesity effects of the beta-cell hormone amylin in diet-induced obese rats: effects on food intake, body weight, composition, energy expenditure, and gene expression
FEMS Yeast Res 10(4):394401 Kumar S, Kaur A, Chattopadhyay B, Bachhawat AK (2015) Defining the cytosolic pathway of glutathione degradation in Arabidopsis thaliana: role of the ChaC/GCG family of -glutamyl cyclotransferases as glutathione-degrading enzymes and AtLAP1 as the Cys-Gly peptidase