HGH injections create supraphysiological spikes followed by rapid decline Side effect profiles differ significantly: Published data shows secretagogues have milder side effects (injection site reactions, mild water retention) compared to HGH (joint pain, insulin resistance, potential organ enlargement at high doses) Regulatory status differs: HGH (somatropin) is FDA-approved for specific conditions
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Flavonoids modulate cellular stress by scavenging ROS through O 2 - radical inactivation and hydrogenation or complexing with oxidant species to stabilise free radicals (254, 273)
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At the genomic level, Epitalon modulated the expression of key circadian rhythm genes: Clock expression in leukocytes decreased 1.8-fold, Cry2 expression doubled, and Csnk1e expression in lymphocytes decreased by 2.1-fold, all with statistical significance