Unfortunately, most B12 shot brands still use water
In an experimental model involving animals prone to age-related eye diseases such as macular degeneration and cataracts, long-term administration of bilberry extract completely abrogated impairments in the lens and retinas, whereas 70% of control animals developed cataract and macular degeneration (Fursova 2005)
OXPHOS, Starch and sucrose metabolism, Pyrimidine metabolism, Cysteine and methionine metabolism, Lipoic acid metabolism, and Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism were increased in proliferating T cells, and neomycin, kanamycin and gentamicin biosynthesis, Glycolysis/Gluconeogenesis, fructose and mannose metabolism, Citrate cycle (TCA cycle), and Amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism were activated in CTLax.3 ( Supplementary Figure 6D )
In laboratory workflows, this four-component blend is often positioned for mechanistic studies that touch on soft tissue response, collagen organization, cellular motility, and inflammatory signaling, where researchers prioritize controlled dosing, stability, and reproducibility across model systems
This means that they have not undergone review for safety, efficacy, or quality before being dispensed, and have not been demonstrated to the FDA to be safe or effective. This is transparent, honest, and something many clinics fail to disclose at all