It does not independently establish molecular identity, net peptide content, water content, counterion content, residual-solvent content, aggregate content, sterility, endotoxin status, or suitability for a biological application
It is always important to remember potential causes of drug induced B12 deficiency
Lower doses may suffice for milder conditions, while higher (but carefully limited) doses are used in severe illness
The frequency of B12 injections varies based on the severity and cause of deficiency: For significant deficiencies or pernicious anemia, daily or weekly shots may be started, then tapered to monthly maintenance doses
5 Conclusion This systematic review and meta-analysis indicate that sublingual and oral vitamin B12 administration provide efficacy comparable to intramuscular injection in improving serum cobalamin levels and reducing hyperhomocysteinaemia