Whilst we found that ex vivo vehicle treated cells produced high levels of cytokines, including IL-5, IL-13, IL-9 ( Supplementary Figures 4BD ), and modest amounts of IL-10 and IL-6 ( Supplementary Figures 4E, F ), melatonin treatment greatly reduced the concentration of all cytokines analyzed ( Supplementary Figures 4B F )
However, there are other non-diabetes related factors that may precipitate DKA or HHS
It is always wise to consult with a healthcare professional if you have concerns or are taking other medications
Regular moderate exercise can boost glutathione production and enzyme activity, though overtraining may deplete it
Considering the short half-life of small molecule oral GLP-1 receptor agonists, perhaps approaches to increase the duration of small molecules with a modified-release formulation may lead to improvements in long-term cardiovascular benefits