Karl Nadolsky says the science doesnt support universal testing in people without symptoms
As a general rule, IM is favored when the goal is rapid correction of a clinical deficiency, when the patient has difficulty absorbing B12 through oral or sublingual routes, or when a provider wants predictable peak serum levels
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The bubbles trap air which introduces oxidation
Valter K, Tedford SE, Eells JT, Tedford CE