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Similarly, a post-hoc analysis of SURPASS-1, enrolling 478 patients with T2D, found that all doses of tirzepatide as monotherapy increased insulin sensitivity compared to placebo, as suggested by the decreases in HOMA2-IR by 923% (vs +14.7% with placebo) and fasting insulin levels by 212% (vs +15%) and the increase in adiponectin by 1623% (vs 0.2%) and IGFBP-2 by 3870% (vs +4.1%) at 40 weeks [76]
The efficacy of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1-RA) for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity is well established, but their role in the treatment of weight regain after bariatric surgery remains to be defined
Subsequent careful mimicry experiments (where levels of endogenous hormone concentrations are mimicked by exogenous infusion) established GIP as an incretin hormone, which was able to virtually fully explain the incretin effect [8]
Both compounded and brand-name GLP-1s are safe when sourced from licensed pharmacies and prescribed by qualified providers