For example, in clinical trials of semaglutide 2.4 mg (Wegovy), nausea occurred in approximately 44% of patients, while rates for tirzepatide and other GLP-1s vary: Nausea : Often described as mild queasiness, particularly after eating, though some patients experience more pronounced nausea Bloating and abdominal fullness : A sensation of delayed digestion or food sitting heavily in the stomach Changes in bowel habits : Constipation affects approximately 15-30% of patients (varying by medication and dose), while some experience diarrhea or alternating patterns [1] [4] Decreased appetite : Beyond simple fullness, many report a fundamental shift in food thoughts, with reduced cravings and less mental preoccupation with eating Some patients report fatigue or low energy , particularly during the initial weeks
Its key to teach patients about B12-rich foods like meat, fish, and dairy
- and -MSH bind to the Melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R), thereby activating the feeling of satiety, which leads to a reduction in food intake and a modulated energy expenditure [15]
Plain sterile water contains no such preservative once opened, it should be treated as effectively single-use, with the reconstituted solution ideally used within about 24 hours
Micronutrient and Nutritional Deficiencies Associated With GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Therapy: A Narrative Review