When dietary choline intake is insufficient (common in calorie-restricted diets), hepatic fat export slows, leading to non-alcoholic fatty liver accumulation even during active weight loss
Untreated vitamin B12 deficiencies can lead to neurological issues or pernicious anemia which can occur when your body does not have enough vitamin B12 to produce the amount of red blood cells it needs
Non-oral therapies have, therefore, been actively investigated and developed over the past decade, key successes being the transdermal rotigotine (RTG) patch, infusional therapies with apomorphine, intrajejunal levodopa, and the apomorphine pen strategy, all of which are currently in clinical use
Some other prescription medications can directly cause a vitamin B12 deficiency
Pediatr., 109, 984-988, 1986.